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هل تدرس حاليا في الباكالوريا اداب وشكرا

D = page: 16

a. Paragraph: 4
b. Paragraph: 1
c. Paragraph: 2

E = page: 16

1. befer the invention of writing, the most used means of learning were observing and experiencing, and the means of transmitting information were listening and remembering

2. factors that contributed to the grouth of human tendency to learn more are longer lifespans, better health, more leisure time and modean technologlas

3. 'Ais' refer to ather learning

F = page: 16

paragraph 1: ancient gemeration learned through experiencing and observing and transmitted information through listening and remembering

paragraph 2: with the invention of writing it because possible to pass on a lot of information

paragraph 3: nowadays, many factors contribute to the grouth of human tesdeney leans more

paragraph 4: in the present, leaning has become an aspect of our lives and is more organised

grammar p: 16 gerund, infinitive or both?

A= page: 16

this text might be an excerpt from: a diary

b= page: 17

Verbs before gerunds (verbs + ing )

- imagine living
- couldn't helps thinking
- stop thinking
- spent playing
- enjoy having

verbs before infinitives

- begin to get
- decide to concentrate

C= page: 17

- hate = gerund and infinitive
- want = infinitive
- dislike = gerund and infinitive
- afford = infinitive
- pretend = infinitive
- suggest = gerund
- finish = gerund and infinitive
- love = gerund and infinitive
- agree = infinitive
- manage = infinitive
- miss = gerund
- promise = infinitive

D= page: 17

1. the boy began both when his mother left him at the kindergarten

2. would you mind waiting for a few minutes ?

3. have you finished using the computer?

4. we expect to hear from him very soon

5. tom has given up smoking

writing page: 18 liking words " cohesive devices "

* addition
- and
- in addition
- more over
- further more
- besides

* cause/reasen
- because
- as
- because of
- due to
- awing to
- thanks to

* effect consequence
- consequently
- so
- therefore
- hence
- thus
- as a result

* contrast / concession
- although
- however
- in contrast
- nevertheless
- but
- get
- in spite of
- dispite

* examples
- for example
- as an illustration
- fer instance
- to illustrate
- to demonstrate

* summary conlusion
- in brief
- to conclude
- an the whole
- all in all
- inconlision

* purpose
- in order to
- to ...
- so as to
- so that
- in order that
- so as not to
- in order not to

* sequence (ovents)
- first
- second
- third
- them
- afterwards
- later one
- finally